clip-path | w3study.net

clip-path CSS 属性使用裁剪方式创建元素的可显示区域。区域内的部分显示，区域外的隐藏。

```css interactive-example-choice clip-path: circle(40%);


```css interactive-example-choice
clip-path: ellipse(130px 140px at 10% 20%);

```css interactive-example-choice clip-path: polygon(50% 0, 100% 50%, 50% 100%, 0 50%);


```css interactive-example-choice
clip-path: path("M 0 200 L 0,75 A 5,5 0,0,1 150,75 L 200 200 z");

```css interactive-example-choice clip-path: rect(5px 145px 160px 5px round 20%);


```css interactive-example-choice
clip-path: xywh(0 5px 100% 75% round 15% 0);

```html interactive-example

We had agreed, my companion and I, that I should call for him at his house, after dinner, not later than eleven o’clock. This athletic young Frenchman belongs to a small set of Parisian sportsmen, who have taken up “ballooning” as a pastime. After having exhausted all the sensations that are to be found in ordinary sports, even those of “automobiling” at a breakneck speed, the members of the “Aéro Club” now seek in the air, where they indulge in all kinds of daring feats, the nerve-racking excitement that they have ceased to find on earth.


```css interactive-example
section {
  align-items: flex-start;
}

.example-container {
  text-align: left;
  padding: 20px;
}

#example-element {
  float: left;
  width: 150px;
  margin: 20px;
}

语法

/* Keyword values */
clip-path: none;

/* <clip-source> values */
clip-path: url(resources.svg#c1);

/* <geometry-box> values */
clip-path: margin-box;
clip-path: border-box;
clip-path: padding-box;
clip-path: content-box;
clip-path: fill-box;
clip-path: stroke-box;
clip-path: view-box;

/* <basic-shape> values */
clip-path: inset(100px 50px);
clip-path: circle(50px at 0 100px);
clip-path: ellipse(50px 60px at 10% 20%);
clip-path: polygon(50% 0%, 100% 50%, 50% 100%, 0% 50%);
clip-path: path(
  "M0.5,1 C0.5,1,0,0.7,0,0.3 A0.25,0.25,1,1,1,0.5,0.3 A0.25,0.25,1,1,1,1,0.3 C1,0.7,0.5,1,0.5,1 Z"
);

/* Box and shape values combined */
clip-path: padding-box circle(50px at 0 100px);

/* Global values */
clip-path: inherit;
clip-path: initial;
clip-path: revert;
clip-path: revert-layer;
clip-path: unset;

clip-path 属性指定为下面列出的值的一个或多个值的组合。

取值

<clip-source>
- : 用 {{cssxref("url_value", "<url>")}} 引用 SVG 的 {{SVGElement("clipPath")}} 元素
{{cssxref("<basic-shape>")}}
- : 一种形状，其大小和位置由 <geometry-box> 的值定义。如果没有指定 <geometry-box>，则将使用 border-box 用为参考框。取值可为以下值中的任意一个：
- {{cssxref("basic-shape/inset","inset()")}}
  - : 定义一个 inset 矩形。
- {{cssxref("basic-shape/circle","circle()")}}
  - : 定义一个圆形（使用一个半径和一个圆心位置）。
- {{cssxref("basic-shape/ellipse","ellipse()")}}
  - : 定义一个椭圆（使用两个半径和一个圆心位置）。
- {{cssxref("basic-shape/polygon","polygon()")}}
  - : 定义一个多边形（使用一个 SVG 填充规则和一组顶点）。
- {{cssxref("basic-shape/path","path()")}}
  - : 定义一个任意形状（使用一个可选的 SVG 填充规则和一个 SVG 路径定义）。
<geometry-box>
- : 如果同 <basic-shape> 一起声明，它将为基本形状提供相应的参考框盒。通过自定义，它将利用确定的盒子边缘包括任何形状边角（比如说，被 {{cssxref("border-radius")}} 定义的剪切路径）。几何框盒可以有以下的值中的一个：
- margin-box
  - : 使用 margin box 作为引用框。
- border-box
  - : 使用 border box 作为引用框。
- padding-box
  - : 使用 padding box 作为引用框。
- content-box
  - : 使用 content box 作为引用框。
- fill-box
  - : 利用对象边界框（object bounding box）作为引用框。
- stroke-box
  - : 使用笔触边界框（stroke bounding box）作为引用框。
- view-box
  - : 使用最近的 SVG 视口（viewport）作为引用框。如果 {{SVGAttr("viewBox")}} 属性被指定来为元素创建 SVG 视口，引用框将会被定位在坐标系的原点，引用框位于由 viewBox 属性建立的坐标系的原点，引用框的尺寸用来设置 viewBox 属性的宽高值。
none
- : 不创建剪切路径。

[!NOTE] CSS 计算值不为 none 时，会创建新的层叠上下文，就像 CSS {{cssxref("opacity")}} 的值不为 1 时那样。

形式定义

形式语法

示例

HTML 与 SVG 之间的对比

```html hidden

clip-path: none

HTML

I LOVE
clipping

SVG

<div class="note">
  clip-path: url(#myPath)<br /><br />
  Assuming the following clipPath definition:
  <pre>

HTML

I LOVE
clipping

SVG

<div class="note">
  clip-path: path('M15,45 A30,30,0,0,1,75,45 A30,30,0,0,1,135,45
  Q135,90,75,130 Q15,90,15,45 Z')
</div>
<div class="row">
  <div class="cell">
    <span>HTML</span>
    <div class="container">
      <p class="svg2">I LOVE<br /><em>clipping</em></p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="cell">
    <span>SVG</span>
    <div class="container viewbox">
      <svg viewBox="0 0 192 192">
        <g class="svg2">
          <rect x="24" y="24" width="144" height="144" />
          <text x="96" y="91">I LOVE</text>
          <text x="96" y="109" class="em">clipping</text>
        </g>
      </svg>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="note">clip-path: circle(25%)</div>
<div class="row">
  <div class="cell">
    <span>HTML</span>
    <div class="container">
      <p class="shape1">I LOVE<br /><em>clipping</em></p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="cell">
    <span>SVG</span>
    <div class="container viewbox">
      <svg viewBox="0 0 192 192">
        <g class="shape1">
          <rect x="24" y="24" width="144" height="144" />
          <text x="96" y="91">I LOVE</text>
          <text x="96" y="109" class="em">clipping</text>
        </g>
      </svg>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="note">clip-path: circle(25% at 25% 25%)</div>
<div class="row">
  <div class="cell">
    <span>HTML</span>
    <div class="container">
      <p class="shape2">I LOVE<br /><em>clipping</em></p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="cell">
    <span>SVG</span>
    <div class="container viewbox">
      <svg viewBox="0 0 192 192">
        <g class="shape2">
          <rect x="24" y="24" width="144" height="144" />
          <text x="96" y="91">I LOVE</text>
          <text x="96" y="109" class="em">clipping</text>
        </g>
      </svg>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="note">clip-path: fill-box circle(25% at 25% 25%)</div>
<div class="row">
  <div class="cell">
    <span>HTML</span>
    <div class="container">
      <p class="shape3">I LOVE<br /><em>clipping</em></p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="cell">
    <span>SVG</span>
    <div class="container viewbox">
      <svg viewBox="0 0 192 192">
        <g class="shape3">
          <rect x="24" y="24" width="144" height="144" />
          <text x="96" y="91">I LOVE</text>
          <text x="96" y="109" class="em">clipping</text>
        </g>
      </svg>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="note">clip-path: stroke-box circle(25% at 25% 25%)</div>
<div class="row">
  <div class="cell">
    <span>HTML</span>
    <div class="container">
      <p class="shape4">I LOVE<br /><em>clipping</em></p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="cell">
    <span>SVG</span>
    <div class="container viewbox">
      <svg viewBox="0 0 192 192">
        <g class="shape4">
          <rect x="24" y="24" width="144" height="144" />
          <text x="96" y="91">I LOVE</text>
          <text x="96" y="109" class="em">clipping</text>
        </g>
      </svg>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="note">clip-path: view-box circle(25% at 25% 25%)</div>
<div class="row">
  <div class="cell">
    <span>HTML</span>
    <div class="container">
      <p class="shape5">I LOVE<br /><em>clipping</em></p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="cell">
    <span>SVG</span>
    <div class="container viewbox">
      <svg viewBox="0 0 192 192">
        <g class="shape5">
          <rect x="24" y="24" width="144" height="144" />
          <text x="96" y="91">I LOVE</text>
          <text x="96" y="109" class="em">clipping</text>
        </g>
      </svg>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="note">clip-path: margin-box circle(25% at 25% 25%)</div>
<div class="row">
  <div class="cell">
    <span>HTML</span>
    <div class="container">
      <p class="shape6">I LOVE<br /><em>clipping</em></p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="cell">
    <span>SVG</span>
    <div class="container viewbox">
      <svg viewBox="0 0 192 192">
        <g class="shape6">
          <rect x="24" y="24" width="144" height="144" />
          <text x="96" y="91">I LOVE</text>
          <text x="96" y="109" class="em">clipping</text>
        </g>
      </svg>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="note">clip-path: border-box circle(25% at 25% 25%)</div>
<div class="row">
  <div class="cell">
    <span>HTML</span>
    <div class="container">
      <p class="shape7">I LOVE<br /><em>clipping</em></p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="cell">
    <span>SVG</span>
    <div class="container viewbox">
      <svg viewBox="0 0 192 192">
        <g class="shape7">
          <rect x="24" y="24" width="144" height="144" />
          <text x="96" y="91">I LOVE</text>
          <text x="96" y="109" class="em">clipping</text>
        </g>
      </svg>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="note">clip-path: padding-box circle(25% at 25% 25%)</div>
<div class="row">
  <div class="cell">
    <span>HTML</span>
    <div class="container">
      <p class="shape8">I LOVE<br /><em>clipping</em></p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="cell">
    <span>SVG</span>
    <div class="container viewbox">
      <svg viewBox="0 0 192 192">
        <g class="shape8">
          <rect x="24" y="24" width="144" height="144" />
          <text x="96" y="91">I LOVE</text>
          <text x="96" y="109" class="em">clipping</text>
        </g>
      </svg>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>

<div class="note">clip-path: content-box circle(25% at 25% 25%)</div>
<div class="row">
  <div class="cell">
    <span>HTML</span>
    <div class="container">
      <p class="shape9">I LOVE<br /><em>clipping</em></p>
    </div>
  </div>
  <div class="cell">
    <span>SVG</span>
    <div class="container viewbox">
      <svg viewBox="0 0 192 192">
        <g class="shape9">
          <rect x="24" y="24" width="144" height="144" />
          <text x="96" y="91">I LOVE</text>
          <text x="96" y="109" class="em">clipping</text>
        </g>
      </svg>
    </div>
  </div>
</div>


```css
html,
body {
  height: 100%;
  box-sizing: border-box;
  background: #eee;
}

.grid {
  width: 100%;
  height: 100%;
  display: flex;
  font: 1em monospace;
}

.row {
  display: flex;
  flex: 1 auto;
  flex-direction: row;
  flex-wrap: wrap;
}

.col {
  flex: 1 auto;
}

.cell {
  margin: 0.5em;
  padding: 0.5em;
  background-color: #fff;
  overflow: hidden;
  text-align: center;
  flex: 1;
}

.note {
  background: #fff3d4;
  padding: 1em;
  margin: 0.5em 0.5em 0;
  font: 0.8em sans-serif;
  text-align: left;
  white-space: nowrap;
}

.note + .row .cell {
  margin-top: 0;
}

.container {
  display: inline-block;
  border: 1px dotted grey;
  position: relative;
}

.container:before {
  content: "margin";
  position: absolute;
  top: 2px;
  left: 2px;
  font: italic 0.6em sans-serif;
}

.viewbox {
  box-shadow:
    1rem 1rem 0 #efefef inset,
    -1rem -1rem 0 #efefef inset;
}

.container.viewbox:after {
  content: "viewbox";
  position: absolute;
  left: 1.1rem;
  top: 1.1rem;
  font: italic 0.6em sans-serif;
}

.cell span {
  display: block;
  margin-bottom: 0.5em;
}

p {
  font-family: sans-serif;
  background: #000;
  color: pink;
  margin: 2em;
  padding: 3em 1em;
  border: 1em solid pink;
  width: 6em;
}

.none {
  clip-path: none;
}
.svg {
  clip-path: url(#myPath);
}
.svg2 {
  clip-path: path(
    "M15,45 A30,30,0,0,1,75,45 A30,30,0,0,1,135,45 Q135,90,75,130 Q15,90,15,45 Z"
  );
}
.shape1 {
  clip-path: circle(25%);
}
.shape2 {
  clip-path: circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape3 {
  clip-path: fill-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape4 {
  clip-path: stroke-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape5 {
  clip-path: view-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape6 {
  clip-path: margin-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape7 {
  clip-path: border-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape8 {
  clip-path: padding-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}
.shape9 {
  clip-path: content-box circle(25% at 25% 25%);
}

.defs {
  width: 0;
  height: 0;
  margin: 0;
}

pre {
  margin-bottom: 0;
}

svg {
  margin: 1em;
  font-family: sans-serif;
  width: 192px;
  height: 192px;
}

svg rect {
  stroke: pink;
  stroke-width: 16px;
}

svg text {
  fill: pink;
  text-anchor: middle;
}

svg text.em {
  font-style: italic;
}

{{EmbedLiveSample("HTML 与 SVG 之间的对比", "100%", 800, "", "", "example-outcome-frame")}}

完整示例

HTML

<img id="clipped" src="mdn.svg" alt="MDN logo" />
<svg height="0" width="0">
  <defs>
    <clipPath id="cross">
      <rect y="110" x="137" width="90" height="90" />
      <rect x="0" y="110" width="90" height="90" />
      <rect x="137" y="0" width="90" height="90" />
      <rect x="0" y="0" width="90" height="90" />
    </clipPath>
  </defs>
</svg>

<select id="clipPath">
  <option value="none">none</option>
  <option value="circle(100px at 110px 100px)">circle</option>
  <option value="url(#cross)" selected>cross</option>
  <option value="inset(20px round 20px)">inset</option>
  <option value="path('M 0 200 L 0,110 A 110,90 0,0,1 240,100 L 200 340 z')">
    path
  </option>
</select>

CSS

#clipped {
  margin-bottom: 20px;
  clip-path: url(#cross);
}

js hidden const clipPathSelect = document.getElementById("clipPath"); clipPathSelect.addEventListener("change", function (evt) { document.getElementById("clipped").style.clipPath = evt.target.value; });

语法

取值

形式定义

形式语法

示例

HTML 与 SVG 之间的对比

完整示例

HTML

CSS

结果